Medical dictionary

What is analysed? Phenytoin is a medication used to treat and prevent seizures in patients who have epilepsy. The phenytoin test analyses levels of phenytoin in the blood. What does the result mean? The result indicates the concentration of phenytoin in the blood. Why conduct the analysis? The phenytoin test is conducted to monitor and maintain optimal therapeutic levels of phen

What is phimosis?Phimosis is a condition that inhibits the foreskin from being able to be pulled over the head of the penis (the glans) because the skin of the foreskin is too tight. The foreskin can appear as a rubber band or tight ring around the tip. There are two forms of phimosis: physiological or pathological. If it is physiological (congenital or primary), it occurs naturally from birt

What is a phlebectomy? An ambulatory phlebectomy is a procedure to remove varicose veins (veins that are enlarged and exposed). The operation is performed under a local anaesthetic where tiny incisions are made in the veins affected. Why would you do it? A phlebectomy is used to treat veins which have begun to bulge and become prominent lumps at the surface of the skin. Although varic

What is phlebitis? Phlebitis is an inflammation of a vein. They become inflamed either due to a blood clot (thrombus) or because the vein walls are damaged. For this reason, the terms phlebitis and thrombophlebitis are used almost interchangeably. There are two types of phlebitis – superficial phlebitis affects the veins close to the surface of the skin and is usually not too serious; de

What is pH monitoring? pH monitoring is a diagnostic test of the digestive system and is used to measure acid in the oesophagus. It is performed using a probe with acid-sensitive receptors. A gastroenterologist will carry out this test.  What does it involve? pH monitoring involves passing a probe through one of your nostrils and positioning it in the lower portion of the oesopha

What are phobias? A phobia is a type of anxiety disorder characterised by an extreme and debilitating fear of a place, situation, animal or feeling. It is usually irrational, either in its very nature, or in the level of fear experienced, which often leads patients to go to extreme lengths to avoid the source of that fear. There are many different types of phobia, but they can be broadly gr

What is being analysed? Phosphate is a crucial electrolyte in the body that plays a vital role in various physiological processes. It is often analysed in medical tests to assess the levels of this essential mineral. What does the result mean? The results of a phosphate analysis indicate the concentration of phosphate in the blood. Abnormal levels can provide insights into underlying

What is photodynamic therapy? Photodynamic therapy is a method indicated for the treatment of certain skin lesions. It is a minimally invasive technique based on the application of light to the skin, above a photosensitive cream, in order to attack affected cells only, without affecting healthy cells.     The advantage of this technique is its ability to improve the patie

What is photorejuvenation? Photorejuvenation is a cosmetic treatment that uses lasers, intense pulsed light (IPL), or photodynamic therapy to improve the appearance of the skin. It can reduce redness of skin, blotchiness and sun damage to give an even, more radiant complexion. It helps reduce and treat common skin problems such as brown spots, melasma, hyperpigmentation, liver spots, an