Medical dictionary

What is Hepatic encephalopathy? Hepatic encephalopathy describes the changes in the brain that happen after liver disease. A healthy liver filters toxins from the blood, but when it is damaged harmful toxins and chemicals can get to the brain causing an array of symptoms.   Hepatic encephalopathy is a syndrome usually experience by patients with cirrhosis. Hepatic encephalopat

What is hepatitis A analysed? Blood tests analyse antibodies related to hepatitis A. These antibodies include IgM anti-HAV and HAV-Ab IgG. What does the result mean? Negative or non-reactive: Indicates no antibodies against hepatitis A in your blood. Positive or reactive: May indicate an active infection with the hepatitis A virus (HAV). Also suggests a past HAV infection or prior hep

What is being analysed? Blood tests analyse specific hepatitis B virus (HBV) antigens and antibodies. Serological markers are used to identify different phases of HBV infection and determine whether a patient has acute or chronic infection, immunity due to previous infection or vaccination, or susceptibility to infection. What does the result mean? Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg):

Hepatitis C is a viral infection that affects the liver. Here's a structured guide to understanding Hepatitis C: What is being analysed? The analysis for Hepatitis C involves testing for the presence of the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the blood. How is it used? Hepatitis C testing is used to diagnose Hepatitis C infection and monitor the effectiveness of treatment. Why per

What is hepatocellular carcinoma? Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer. It usually affects people aged 40 or older and it is the third deadliest cancer at a global level.   Prognosis This type of cancer is often found in its most advanced stages, since the symptoms can be relatively subtle or very few in number in the early stages. Thi

What is analysed? HER2/neu analysis examines the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, a protein that can play a significant role in certain types of cancer, particularly breast cancer. When is it requested? HER2/neu analysis is typically requested as part of the diagnostic process for breast cancer patients or those suspected to have breast cancer. Why conduct the analysis?

What are hereditary diseases? Hereditary diseases, also known as inherited diseases or genetic disorders, are defined and categorised as being a set of genetic diseases that are caused by changes in one's genetic material (DNA). These diseases are then transmitted from generation to generation, or in other words, they are inherited from parents to their children. What

What is a hernia?A hernia appears as a lump, most commonly in the abdominal or groin area. They occur when an organ, often the bowel, protrudes through the cavity which normally contains it. The most frequent types of hernia are:Inguinal hernia (in the abdomen)Femoral hernia (in the groin)Umbilical hernia (in the belly button)Hiatal hernia (in the diaphragm)Incisional hernia (through a scar)&

What is percutaneous discectomy? Percutaneous discectomy surgery is a minimally-invasive technique used to treat herniated discs in the spinal column, in the lumbar region as well as the cervical region, without the need for open surgery. Why is it done? Disc herniation is a frequent condition that in many cases is incapacitating, sometimes so much so that rest and rehabilit