Medical dictionary

What is cryptorchidism? An undescended testicle, medically known as cryptorchidism, is a common condition in young male children where one of the testicles has not moved into its usual position in the scrotum. It can occur with one (unilateral cryptorchidism) or both (bilateral cryptorchidism) testes. It is a problem that is thought to affect approximately 4% of baby boys, although in most c

What is unexplained weight loss?   Unexplained weight loss is when you notice a significant drop in your body weight, especially when you are not trying to lose weight. Unlike when someone is intentionally trying to lose weight, this type of weight loss isn't due to a change of diet, activity or lifestyle, but instead comes on suddenly and is unexplained.  

What is an upper eyelid filler?Upper eyelid filler is a treatment to add volume to the upper eyelids and to give a more youthful appearance. It involves the injection of a filler into the upper eyelid, to improve a hollow appearance that can occur over time as the skin loses fat cells, leading to a more sunken appearance, and with a darker skin tone. Eyelid filler treatments can also be

What is upper gastrointestinal (GI) surgery?   Upper gastrointestinal (GI) surgery is surgery performed to treat pathologies of either the upper gastrointestinal tract (small bowel), gall bladder, liver, pancreas or oesophagus.       The upper gastrointestinal (GI) includes the oesophagus (the food pipe), the duodenum (the first part of the small intestine)

What is analysed? Urea analysis involves examining the levels of urea, a waste product formed during the breakdown of proteins in the liver. By measuring urea concentrations in blood or urine, healthcare professionals gain insights into kidney function and overall metabolic health. Result interpretation: If the urea result falls slightly outside the normal range, it could indicate po

What is uremia?   Uremia (or uraemia) is a disorder of kidney function that occurs when the kidneys cannot properly remove urea from the body, so waste from urine accumulates in the blood and another series of diseases can occur.     What are the symptoms of uremia?   The main symptoms of this pathology are: asterixis (tremors) lethargy (prolong

What is ureteral reimplantation? The ureters are tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder, and thus form part of the urinary system. Sometimes, the place where a ureter connects to the bladder is badly positioned, and surgery is needed to correct it. This is called ureteral reimplantation surgery.  Why is ureteral reimplantation done? Abnormally positioned ureters

What is a ureterocele? A ureterocele is a congenital condition affecting the ureters (the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder). The end of the ureter that enters the bladder doesn’t develop properly, and as a result, the flow of urine becomes blocked. The ureter swells like a balloon where it enters the bladder, and the blockage of urine can lead to further problems.

What urethral stricture?A urethral stricture consists of a narrowing of part of the urethra, the tube that carries urine outside the body from the bladder. Both men and women have a urethra. An obstruction of that tube can affect your ability to pass urine.  What are the symptoms of urethral stricture?Symptoms vary substantially based on the severity of the stricture itself. With a