Medical dictionary

What is dystonia? Dystonia is a neurological movement disorder characterised by involuntary muscle contractions that cause sustained or repetitive twisting and abnormal postures. These muscle contractions can be painful and can affect various parts of the body, including the neck, limbs, face, and torso. Dystonia can range from mild to severe and can significantly impact a person's quality

What is Eagle syndrome? Eagle syndrome, also known as styloid syndrome, stylohyoid syndrome, or styloid-carotid artery syndrome, is a rare disorder of the stylohyoid ligaments that connect the skull with the hyoid bone of the neck. The condition may occur as a result of an elongated or misshaped styloid process (a slim pointed bone located just below the ear). What are the symptoms? E

What is an ear infection?An ear infection is when there is a bacterial or viral infection in the part of the internal ear, known as the middle ear. This condition is called otitis media. The space behind the eardrum where the infection starts becomes swollen due to a build up of fluid and often results in pain. Ear infections can be mild, acute, or chronic.  What are the symptoms?Symptom

What is earlobe rejuvenation? As the earlobe ages it loses collagen and elastin, becoming less dense and more flaccid and taking on a wrinkled, irregular appearance. The preauricular area may also deteriorate, with the appearance of vertical wrinkles that make the ear look even more aged.  Why is earlobe rejuvenation performed? There are se

What is early menopause? Most women begin menopause, which is when the periods stop, between the ages of 45 and 55. Early menopause occurs before age 45 and premature menopause refers to onset before age 40. What are the causes of early menopause? Early menopause occurs naturally if a woman’s ovaries stop making normal levels of certain hormones, including the hormone oestrogen.

How is early pregnancy defined? Early pregnancy is a crucial period in the development of a foetus. It is defined as the first 12 weeks of pregnancy, and it is a time when the foetus undergoes rapid growth and development. During this time, the body undergoes significant changes as well, which can lead to a variety of symptoms. What are the symptoms of early pregnancy? The most common

What is early rheumatoid arthritis? Early rheumatoid arthritis is a condition that causes pain, swelling and stiffness in the body’s joints. It is a chronic condition causing inflammation of the joints but the severity of the symptoms can fluctuate over time.     What are the symptoms of early rheumatoid arthritis? Early rheumatoid arthritis is characterised by s

What is ear neurosurgery? Ear neurosurgery, or otoneurosurgery, is the branch of neurology dedicated to surgically treating ear conditions that require surgery. This includes diseases affecting the inner ear and a number of nerves that run through or near the ear (facial, auditory, vestibular and lower cranial pairs, hypoglossal, vagal and spinal).  Why is ear neurosu

What are wax plugs? Earwax build-up, also known as earwax plugs, are the accumulation of earwax in the ear, which usually result in hearing loss. In the external auditory canal there are a series of glands and follicles that create wax, which accumulates in the outer ear, where it is removed by washing the ears. However, often this earwax is not removed properly and forms plugs in the ear ca