Medical dictionary

How can autoimmune diseases affect a woman's pregnancy? There are various ways that autoimmune diseases during pregnancy can manifest. Women with a pre-existing autoimmune disease may be considered high-risk during their pregnancy and may require more extensive care. What are autoimmune conditions? Autoimmune conditions affect different parts of

What are autoimmune diseases? Autoimmune diseases are a group of conditions where healthy cells in the body are mistakenly attacked by the immune system. There are more than 80 different types of autoimmune diseases that affect any part of the body. This makes diagnosis difficult. The most common autoimmune diseases are: Inflammatory bowel disease, which includes Crohn's disease an

What are autoimmune endocrinopathies? Autoimmune diseases are conditions where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks itself. Autoimmune diseases can affect any part of the body in a variety of ways and some well-known examples include alopecia, rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. Endocrine refers to the body’s glands, such as the ovaries and the testes as well as the pancreas,

What is autoimmune hepatitis?   Autoimmune hepatitis, sometimes abbreviated to AIH, is a chronic condition that affects the liver. As it is autoimmune, the patient's immune system attacks its own cells because the body's immune system recognises the liver cells as foreign and starts to attack them, damaging this vital organ. In the UK, autoimmune hepatitis is not commo

What is aviation medicine? Aviation medicine is a field of preventative or occupational medicine. Pilots, cabin crews and astronauts are patients, and it is also concerned with the health and safety of passengers. It is an essential component of aviation safety as the discipline applies medical knowledge to the human factors of aviation.   Who practises aviation medicine? Ther

What is aviation psychology? Aviation psychology, also referred to as aerospace psychology, studies behaviour, emotions, actions, and the cognitive processes within the aviation field. It is a subspecialty of psychology where workers in this field use their knowledge of human emotion and behaviour to improve aviation standards and conditions, provide mental health support to pilots, aircrew, an

What are back injuries? Back injuries may be caused by work, exercising, or an accident. Back injuries and back pain normally happen in the lower back. Some common symptoms include: Lower back pain or lumbago Aching or sharp pains Inability to stand up straight Muscle spasms These injuries can cause pain and limit movement, depending on the severity of the injury. Wha

What is back pain? Pain in the back is fairly common and usually goes away after a matter of weeks or months. Individuals can experience pain in any part of the back, from the coccyx at the bottom of the spine to the neck. The most common complaint is low back pain (also known as lumbago). Depending on the cause of the back pain, a number of specialists may be involved in treating back pain,

What is a Bone Anchored Hearing Aid? A Bone Anchored Hearing Aid (BAHA) is a surgically-implanted hearing device that transmits sound vibrations through the bone in the skull, directly to the inner ear containing the cochlea, bypassing the eardrum and middle ear. The BAHA system is an alternative to the conventional hearing aids that are operated by amplifying acoustic sounds that enter the ear