Medical dictionary

What is obstructed defecation syndrome?Obstructed defecation syndrome (ODS) is a condition characterised by difficulty in evacuating the bowels despite the urge to defecate. Patients with ODS often experience straining, a sensation of incomplete evacuation, and the need for manual assistance to pass stool. This syndrome can significantly impact quality of life, causing discomfort, embarrassment an

What is obstructive bronchitis? Obstructive bronchitis is a condition that affects the bronchi. It is defined as the swelling or inflammation of the main airways of the lungs, which can make breathing more difficult. This condition can develop for different reasons, the most common one being a viral infection.   Prognosis Early detection is important as it may develop into a more

What is occupational therapy? Occupational therapy may be helpful for anyone having trouble performing everyday tasks.  An occupation is any task you want to accomplish, from getting out of bed to washing yourself, cooking, going out to see friends, or working. For a range of reasons, such as illness, injury, or disability, you might find it difficult to carry out some of these tasks.

What is OCT (optical coherence tomography)? An optical coherence tomography (OCT) scan is an imaging test that uses low coherence light beams analyse different sections of the human body, obtaining highly precise and reliable pictures of several levels of tissue. This scan is primarily used in ophthalmology (to study the cornea and retina) and cardiology (to assess the state of the blood vessel

What is ocular hypertension? Ocular hypertension occurs when the pressure inside the eye (intraocular pressure) is higher than normal. This pressure is measured in millimetres of mercury (mmHg) and is considered normal when it is between 10-21mmHg. It should be noted that intraocular pressure increases with age.Although ocular hypertension often does not cause any symptoms, if left untreated&

What is ocular melanoma? Ocular melanoma is a form of cancer that affects melanin, the cells responsible for producing pigment in the body. Although this disease is rare, it is the most common type of cancer that affects the eyes. It can affect all parts of this organ, especially hard-to-access parts that make detection difficult. This is why it is essential to have regular eye examinations.

What is oculofacial plastic surgery?Oculofacial plastic surgery is a medical speciality that focuses on surgery to the eyelids, brow, nose and tear duct system to treat disease, remove tumours, and restore the cosmetic appearance of the face.There are very few oculofacial plastic surgeons in the world, concentrated in only a handful of clinics. Surgeons generally undergo specialist fellowship trai

What is oculoplastics? Oculoplastics, also known as oculoplastic surgery, is an umbrella term for a number of surgical procedures on the eye and the surrounding structures, including the eye socket, eyelids, tear ducts, and parts of the face. Oculoplastic surgeons are specialised ophthalmologists, who have undergone additional fellowship training. Some surgeons from certain other specialties

What is oedema? Oedema (spelt “edema” in some countries) is swelling caused by the accumulation of fluid in a particular part of the body. It is often accompanied by inflammation. Oedema usually affects the feet, ankles, and legs, although it can occur anywhere in the body. Pulmonary oedema, for example, occurs in the lungs and can cause diffi