When to see a medical oncologist for prostate cancer concerns
What does a medical oncologist do?
A medical oncologist is a doctor who specialises in treating cancer using medicines such as hormone therapy, chemotherapy, targeted treatments and immunotherapy. For men diagnosed with prostate cancer, a medical oncologist may work alongside a urologist and radiation oncologist as part of a multidisciplinary team. The appropriate specialist will depend on the type, stage and characteristics of the cancer.
After a prostate cancer diagnosis
Not every man diagnosed with prostate cancer needs to see a medical oncologist immediately. Men with localised prostate cancer may initially be managed through active surveillance, surgery or radiotherapy. However, a medical oncologist can provide valuable advice when treatment decisions are complex, when the cancer has a higher risk of returning, or when additional drug treatment may be recommended.
If prostate cancer has spread
A medical oncologist is particularly important when prostate cancer has spread beyond the prostate to nearby lymph nodes or other parts of the body. This is known as advanced or metastatic prostate cancer.
Treatment may include hormone therapy, chemotherapy, newer androgen-receptor-targeted medicines or other systemic treatments. The choice depends on factors such as where the cancer has spread, previous treatments and the patient's overall health.
When cancer returns or stops responding
Men should also consider seeing a medical oncologist if prostate cancer returns after surgery or radiotherapy, or if it progresses despite treatment. A specialist can assess the available treatment options and discuss whether clinical trials may be appropriate. Because prostate cancer treatment continues to evolve, specialist input can help patients understand newer therapies and make informed decisions about their care.
If you have been diagnosed with prostate cancer or are concerned that your cancer may have returned or progressed, speaking with your treating doctor can help determine whether a referral to a medical oncologist is appropriate.
